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Vacancy Savings

Vacancy Savings Scheme

A key objective of our financial strategy is to reduce the student-faculty ratio, as set out in Rising To The Future.

The principal means of doing this is to increase our faculty numbers via Central Pool posts. These are additional faculty posts appointed under a university-wide initiative. The costs of these posts are charged centrally rather than to local budgets.

One of the funding streams for the Central Pool posts is a Vacancy Savings scheme whereby unspent pay budgets across the university are pooled together. While vacancies are hard to predict at a detailed level, the university identified a typical level of aggregate savings. Each college or V-P is charged with a share of the total expected aggregate level, and the charges are then passed on to schools and other units as vacancies arise, thereby effectively pooling the savings at institutional level.

Within a college or V-P area, the actual level of vacancies will not match exactly to the central charge applied and so an amount will be over-recovered or under-recovered at year-end. These balances are posted to designated Discretionary Reserves of the college and are broadly expected over time and across colleges to be neutral. From 2020/21 onwards, the charges to colleges and the Vacancy Savings Reserves are held against a separate unit - the allocation unit - so that they are clearly separated from the activities of operational units.

Accounting Entries for Vacancy Savings

Click to download Journal Form with Analysis Fields to be used in posting Vacancy Savings. Account coding and use of analysis fields set out below:

Central Charge

Dr 4321-81507 (Central vacancy savings)

where 4321 represents the cost centre in the College Allocation Unit.

The charge is applied each month.

Re-allocation to units

Dr 1234-81508 (Local vacancy savings)

Cr 4321-81509 (Local vacancy savings recharge)

where 4321 represents the cost centre in the College Allocation Unit & 1234 represents the local cost centre.

This journal must balance - it is to re-allocate charges to units and by definition must total to 0. Depending on the local circumstances, FMs may be re-allocating more (ie over-recovering) or less (under-recovering) than the Allocation Unit has been charged, which will leave a net positive or negative amount in the Allocation Unit, but either way the re-allocation journal itself must be balanced.

For the credit side of the journal, the re-classification from the college/central unit to the local area, the text ‘Vacancycge’ should be input in the analysis 4 field, this will then label these as ‘Vacancycge’ when the SALWAG actuals are loaded to PBCS, on the Actual V Plan reports.

EF Cost Centre

Where an EF cost centre is used, it is to be entered as the Job Code in the journal, in addition to the regular code being entered as the cost centre. E.g. 4321 as the cost centre plus EF4321 as the job code.

Person Identifier

Where an employee number is known this should be populated in the analysis 3 field for the local vacancy savings charge (debit). Where the employee number is not yet know, analysis field 3 should be populated with the ‘person’ code dropping the ’18.’, for example person code ’18.S086.001’ will become ‘S086.001

Some elements of the Vacancy Savings position are known when forecasting, some can be predicted with a reasonable level of accuracy, and some may be unknown.

  • The Central Charge to the college is known, and will be charged each period to account 81507.
  • Actual Savings, as identified by the FM, are known and charged monthly or quarterly to account 81509.
  • Predicted Savings. While there is always uncertainy about future events, generally there is some level of certainty about some future vacancy savings. For example, where a decision has been made not to proceed with replacement of a post in Unit 1 until the start of next year, the amount and location of savings until then can be predicted.
  • Anticipated Further Savings. The forecasted pay costs of the various units implicitly include costs that will turn into vacancies as the year unfolds, but the amounts by unit cannot be forecasted with reasonable accuracy. Taking into consderation factors such as the size of units, the historical level of savings etc., the FM can form a view of the likely level of further savings across the college.

Together, these items represent a forecasted over-or under-recovery of vacancy savings as defined below:

(Over) or Under-recovery = Full Year Central Charge for college - Actual Savings to date for every unit - Predicted Future Savings for every unit - Anticipated Further Savings for the college.

Forecasting Accounts

The FM will enter forecasts for each unit that reflect the Actual Savings plus the Predicted Savings to the Vacancy Savings Local Charge Forecast account.

The FM will enter the forecasted over or under recovery for the college to the Vacancy Savings Under or (Over) Recovery Forecast account of the Allocation Unit.

The Anticipated Savings are not entered as a vacancy savings forecast. These savings are by definition not possible to quantify against a particular unit and are implicitly within the forecasted pay costs of units. In an ideal world we would be able to forecast with great accuracy, all savings would be predicted against particular units and therefore no savings would be classified as 'anticipated'. 

Where an allocation unit is not used (e.g. the College of Business has a single school), the 2 different accounts should still be used so that the level of actual savings is forecasted, and the level of over- or under-recovery is forecasted. Where an allocation unit is used, no local charge should be forecasted against the allocation unit, just an over-or under-recovery.

Vacancy Savings Forecasting Accounts

The 2 forecasting accounts to be used in PBCS are shown below, and are part of the overall Salaries and Wages Forecast.

FPForecastingVacSav.png

Example - prepared at Q2
Unit Vacancy Savings 
Actual To Date
Local Charge Forecast (Over) or under- recovery Forecast  Comment
Unit 1 150 200   Savings to date have been 150k. The FM knows that some of these vacancies will take time to fill and is reasonably sure that at least 200k of savings will occur this year. 
Unit 2 175 200   Savings to date have been 175k. The FM knows that some of these vacancies will take time to fill, and is reasonably sure that at least 200k of savings will occur this year. 
Unit 3  175 250   Savings to date have been 175k. The FM knows that some of these vacancies will take time to fill, and is reasonably sure that at least 250k of savings will occur this year. 
Allocation Unit 100 350 

The FM knows that the college charge will be 1.2m for the year. The FM has predicted 650k against individual units, and is reasonably confident of the amount and location of those savings.

The FM anticipates that a further 200k of savings will arise, but is unsure of which unit(s) this will occur in. This is not explicitly entered as a forecast.

Therefore the FM expects that an amount of 350k will be under-recovered by year-end and will be reported against the Allocation Unit. During year end processing this will be charged against the Vacancy Savings Reserve.

The Local Charge Forecast for the Allocation Unit should always be 0 - whatever costs are expected to remain against the allocation unit are to be entered against the (Over) or Under-Recovery Forecast account.

College Total 600 650 350  The explicit forecast is for {650k + 350k} = 1m but it is known that the charge to the college will be €1.2m. Therefore by implication the FM expects that c. €200k of further savings will arise, but is unable to forecast which units these will arise in. The costs are currently included within the 'main' pay forecast.

The net amount over- or under-recovered at year end should be calculated in the Allocation Unit by viewing the VACSAV account. This should equal the central charge received (account 81507) less the amount recharged out locally (81509). This balance should be transferred to the balance sheet.

If the charge has been over-recovered (i.e. a net negative amount), the double entry is:

Dr Y234-89999 Reserve Drawdown

Cr Y234-99996 Vacancy Savings Reserve.

If the charge has been under-recovered (i.e. a net positive amount), the double entry is:

Dr Y234-99996 Vacancy Savings Reserve.

Cr Y234-89999 Reserve Drawdown.

The calculation of the general NDE Variance versus Target for transferring to account 99999 should be performed after the transfer to the Vacancy Savings Reserve has been made.

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