Implementation
The implementation stage reflects the continuous modification of the module/programme to ensure that it can be delivered effectively. To mitigate against issues at this stage, it is recommended if there is an opportunity to pilot the module before delivery to the entire cohort of learners and make any adjustments necessary. At this stage you should primarily consider how best you can support online learners for the duration of the delivery of the blended/online module/programme.
The role of the online lecturer and their support of online learners is crucial to the success of online learning. For those that are new to teaching online and are required to rapidly adapt their face-to-face module for blended/online there is often an initial temptation to try to replicate existing practice in an online format. This is not recommended; it necessitates a redesign for online delivery. Posting learning materials to an online learning environment is relatively straightforward, but engaging learners effectively, maintaining their interest and scaffolding learning requires us to pay particular attention to learner interaction and teaching presence in the online environment.
Learners require various types of support i.e. academic, emotional/social and technical) to guide them in their online learning environment, ensuring they feel connected and part of a learning community. The following resources focus on how lecturers/tutors can provide this support to online learners;
Netiquette for Online Learning
Netiquette, the etiquette of the online environment, refers to good practice for online communication, participation and interaction. Practicing good netiquette, can facilitate effective learning as part of an online community of learners and can help to minimise misunderstandings online.
UCD Dignity and Respect policy applies to all members of the university community and should be abided by in the online environment. The Student Code of Conduct sets out the standards of behaviour the University expects of its students, underpinned by the principles of respect, responsibility and academic integrity. In addition, it is advisable for programme/module coordinators to agree and share a set of netiquette guidelines with students which will assist them in participating and learning online.
This resource outlines key netiquette guidelines to consider for online learning. It provides fundamental principles of netiquette and more specific netiquette guidelines for the virtual classroom/online meetings, discussion forums/chat and email. These guidelines are applicable to all learning that is offered in web-enhanced, blended or fully online learning formats.
Principles of Netiquette
Three fundamental principles of netiquette include: being respectful to others, writing effectively and learning collaboratively, some examples of each are outlined below.
Be respectful
- Be considerate of each other; communication should be well-intentioned and well-articulated, and aimed at fostering a positive learning environment.
- Be professional and courteous in all online interactions, even if there are differences of opinion.
- Be careful using humour or sarcasm online as it can be misconstrued or taken literally.
- Avoid confronting or offending others.
Write Effectively
- Stay on topic and write succinctly.
- Use subject titles (email/discussion posts) meaningfully.
- Be mindful of how your written message may be interpreted, try to maintain a fair and objective tone.
- Use correct spelling and grammar and proper sentence structure and punctuation.
- Acknowledge original author and cite all quotes and references.
Learn collaboratively
- Get involved, participate and contribute to activities.
- Acknowledge the contributions of others and include everyone in your group.
- Ask questions, listen and read.
- Be constructive and helpful in your feedback to peers.
Netiquette Guidelines
The following are some netiquette guidelines that as a module coordinator/lecturer you may find useful to share with students.
As a module coordinator/lecturer you should inform students how your virtual classroom sessions will run, what platform you are using, how they can access it and if it will be recorded. In addition, you should advise students what they will be expected to do to prepare for your online class. You may find useful to share the following guidelines with students to assist them in preparation for virtual sessions or online meetings:
Preparation:
- Sit in a quiet space so you can concentrate, and minimise all distractions around you.
- Use headphones if possible as this provides better audio quality.
- Ensure you are dressed appropriately, as you would dress for a face-to-face class.
- Be on time.
- Prior to the session, check your technical setup and internet connection. Make sure you have tested your microphone, speakers and camera before the class is due to start and that you are using an up to date browser. Google Chrome is the recommended browser for connecting to virtual classroom sessions.
- Use your real name (i.e. first and last name) when joining the virtual classroom/online meeting if this is not automatic.
- In advance of attending the virtual classroom, complete any homework, readings or learning activities as directed by your module coordinator so you can fully participate.
As a module coordinator/lecturer you should inform students how you expect them to participate and interact with you and their peers in the virtual classroom. You should establish protocols with your students to include the use of audio, video and how they will ask questions. These should also encourage the use of interactive features (where applicable) i.e. polling, use of chat box, whiteboard and breakout rooms (for group work). You may find useful to share the following guidelines with your students to assist them in participating effectively in virtual classes or online meetings:
Participation:
- Your lecturer will advise you whether your audio and video should be switched on or off during a session and how you are expected to participate in the virtual classroom and interact with your peers.
- Mute your microphone, unless you are speaking. This helps reduce background noise, and makes it easier for everyone to hear.
- Keep your camera off, unless you are speaking or your lecturer has advised you to leave it on for participating in group work/breakout rooms. Turning the camera off helps to reduce the bandwidth needed to run the virtual classroom.
- If your lecturer has enabled it, click the ‘raise hand’ icon if you have a question or comment. This lets your lecturer know you wish to speak and when directed you can unmute your microphone.
- If your lecturer has enabled it, you can also type comments or questions that can be seen by everyone in the ‘chat box’
- Ask questions and interact as much as possible. If there are group activities (in breakout rooms) to be successful you need to fully participate with your peers as directed by your lecturer.
- Don’t use other applications not relevant to class on your device during class time (e.g. social media, games or chat apps).
- During a session, if you need to step away for a few minutes indicate you are doing that.
Further information
The following are some netiquette guidelines that you may find useful to share with your students to assist them participating in discussion forums or online text chat:
- Before you post, consider the instructions you have received from your module coordinator i.e. what are the requirements, to create a new post or reply to existing thread, is there a time frame that you are expected to post within.
- Before you post, read other posts, check if one of your peers have already asked the question and received a reply.
- Stay on topic, do not post irrelevant comments or links.
- Be brief, write succinctly, if you write long responses they might not be read.
- Don’t write anything sarcastic and be careful with the use of humour, without hearing your tone this can be easily misinterpreted.
- Avoid using CAPS, as online this may be perceived as ‘shouting’ or that you are angry.
- Respect the opinions of your peers, if you disagree do so respectfully explaining why and provide evidence to support your point.
- If you wish to refer to something one of your peers has said quote a few lines from their post so others know what you are referring to
- Run a spelling and grammar check before posting, always write using complete words and sentences.
Further Information:
The following are some netiquette guidelines that you may find useful to share with your students to assist them utilising email effectively:
- If you receive an email or message from a UCD staff member, make sure to read it carefully and follow up or respond if requested.
- When emailing staff, ensure you always use your UCD connect email. Include your student ID, full name and preferred name, and your programme/module.
- If your module coordinator has provided an FAQs online forum for the module consider if it is appropriate to post there rather than emailing your lecturer directly. If your query is specific to your module make sure you check first the module information and FAQs forum in case this information is already available.
Further information
Teaching Online and Supporting Online Learners
Adapted from the five stage model of e-moderating (Salmon, 2011), this resource presents the multifaceted role of the online lecturer where they are required to scaffold, facilitate and moderate online learning while simultaneously providing various types of support to online learners.
We present below the following five stages of blended/online delivery; Module Access/Induction, Online Socialisation, Information Exchange, Knowledge Construction; Facilitating Learning, Synthesise and Assessment.
You can expand the sections below for guidelines and advice in context to each stage of delivery pertaining to your role as online lecturer/tutor, the support your online learners may require and suggested examples of tools/technologies that can assist you.
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Learn More
- UCD TEL All Talk: Teaching Large Classes Online: the triumphs, the pitfalls, and the lessons learned - Dr. Julie Byrne, UCD Smurfit Graduate Business School.
- UCD TEL All Talk: Flippin' Zoom: activities to engage students online in a flipped-classroom context - Dr. Jennifer Keenahan, UCD School of Civil Engineering.
- UCD TEL All Talk: Learning Online Lessons -Transitions from Online to Blended - Dr. Jamie O'Neill, School of Business.
- UCD TEL All Talk: Group Work and Participation in Blended Learning - Dr. Daniel Capistrano, School of Education.
References
- Nordmann, E., Horlin, C., Hutchison, J., Murray, J., Robson, L., Seery, M., & MacKay, J. R. D., Dr. (2020, April 27). 10 simple rules for supporting a temporary online pivot in higher education. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qdh25
- Salmon, G. (2011) E-moderating; The Key to Online Teaching and Learning. Available online at: http://www.gillysalmon.com/five-stage-model.html